{"id":3326,"date":"2022-10-29T01:30:11","date_gmt":"2022-10-28T18:30:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/kelenjar-tiroid\/"},"modified":"2022-10-25T13:35:00","modified_gmt":"2022-10-25T06:35:00","slug":"kelenjar-tiroid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/kelenjar-tiroid\/","title":{"rendered":"Kelenjar Tiroid"},"content":{"rendered":"
Kelenjar tiroid (terletak di daerah leher) berfungsi untuk mensintesis dan mensekresikan hormon tiroksin. Sintesis dan sekresi tiroksin diatur oleh TSH dari pituitaria anterior. Kadar tiroksin darah\u00a0 memberikan umpan-balik negatif (negatif feedback) ke pituitaria dan hipotalamus.<\/p>\n

Tiroksin adalah hormon yang tersusun atas asam amino yang mengandung 4 atom iod yang disebut tetraiodo tironin\u00a0 (T 4) dan yang mengandung 3 atom iod disebut triiodo tironin (T 3). Oleh karena itu, sintesis tiroksin memerlukan suplai iodium dalam diet. Apabila kekurangan iodium dalam diet, maka akan\u00a0 menyebabkan sintesis dan sekresi tiroksin terganggu sehingga kadar tiroksin rendah (hipotiroid).<\/p><\/div>\n

\"clip_image002\"<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Pada kondisi hipotiroid ditandai dengan pembengkakan kelenjar tiroid yang disebut goiter (gondok). Oleh karena itu, penyakit ini sering disebut Goiter akibat kekurangan iodium (GAKI). Goiter terjadi karena hiperaktifitas kelenjar tiroid karena dipacu untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tiroksin dalam tubuh.<\/p>\n

Tiroksin berperan merangsang pertumbuhan, metabolisme pada semua sel khususnya untukmengubah sumber energi menjadi energi dan panas dengan cara metabolisme penggunaan oksigen.<\/p>\n

Oleh karena itu, apabila produksi tiroksin rendah akan mengakibatkan laju metabolisme tubuh menjadi turun sehingga pada penderita kekurangan hormon ini akan menyebabkan pertumbuhan terhambat (kekerdilan) yang disertai dengan retardasi mental (kemunduran mental) yang disebut kretin.<\/p>\n

Jika kekurangan hormon tiroksin terjadi pada orang tua akan menimbulkan penyakit myxoedema dengan gejala sbb:
\nsuhu tubuh rendah, denyut jantung lemah, telmi (telat mikir), kulit kasar dan dicegah dengan memberi tiroksin secara peroral atau penggunaan garam beriodium. Kelenjar tiroid ini bersifat unik, karena dapat menyimpan hormon yang dihasilkan dalam bentuk koloid dalam vesikula kecil yang disebut tiroglobulin.<\/p>\n

Mekanisme regulasi keseimbangan temperatur tubuh oleh tiroksin adalah sbb. Pada kondisi suhu tubuh turun (dingin atau kehilangan neuron hipotalamus membebaskan neurohormon yang bersifat meningkatkan aktifitas metabolik dan produksi panas tubuh.<\/p>\n

Sel syaraf hipotalamus membebaskan hormon yang merangsang pembebasan TSH dari pituitaria anterior ke dalam sirkulasi darah untuk merangsang kerja dan fungsi kelenjar tiroid untuk mensintesis dan mensekresikan hormon tiroksin (T 4 atau T3) yang berperan merangsang metabolisme pada berbagai sel panas dibebaskan oleh hipotalamus juga mengaktifkan sistem syaraf simpatis dan kelenjar adrenal sehingga dibebaskan epinefrin yang menyebabkan pembebasan glukosa dari hati sehingga setelah dimetabolisme akan menghasilkan panas tubuh.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kelenjar tiroid (terletak di daerah leher) berfungsi untuk mensintesis dan mensekresikan hormon tiroksin. Sintesis dan sekresi tiroksin diatur oleh TSH<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[9354,9361,9356,9362,9358,9360,9363,9355,9359,9357],"class_list":["post-3326","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hormon-dan-regulasi","tag-kelenjar-tiroid","tag-kelenjar-tiroid-ada-dimana","tag-kelenjar-tiroid-bengkak","tag-kelenjar-tiroid-dimana","tag-kelenjar-tiroid-fungsi","tag-kelenjar-tiroid-membengkak","tag-kelenjar-tiroid-menghasilkan","tag-kelenjar-tiroid-menghasilkan-hormon","tag-kelenjar-tiroid-pdf","tag-kelenjar-tiroid-terletak-di"],"yoast_head":"\nKelenjar Tiroid - TN Blogs<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/kelenjar-tiroid\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Kelenjar Tiroid - TN Blogs\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Kelenjar tiroid (terletak di daerah leher) berfungsi untuk mensintesis dan mensekresikan hormon tiroksin. Sintesis dan sekresi tiroksin diatur oleh TSH\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"http:\/\/lh6.ggpht.com\/-em52n0U72DU\/U3k9Ev0OddI\/AAAAAAAAEwU\/2rUr55ykhkI\/clip_image002_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@t_neutron\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Taufiqullah\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tneutron.net\\\/blogs\\\/kelenjar-tiroid\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tneutron.net\\\/blogs\\\/kelenjar-tiroid\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Taufiqullah\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tneutron.net\\\/blogs\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/b57f791b694136047454bb6ac5cbe375\"},\"headline\":\"Kelenjar Tiroid\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-10-28T18:30:11+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tneutron.net\\\/blogs\\\/kelenjar-tiroid\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":339,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tneutron.net\\\/blogs\\\/kelenjar-tiroid\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/lh6.ggpht.com\\\/-em52n0U72DU\\\/U3k9Ev0OddI\\\/AAAAAAAAEwU\\\/2rUr55ykhkI\\\/clip_image002_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800\",\"keywords\":[\"Kelenjar Tiroid\",\"kelenjar tiroid ada dimana\",\"kelenjar tiroid bengkak\",\"kelenjar tiroid dimana\",\"kelenjar tiroid fungsi\",\"kelenjar tiroid membengkak\",\"kelenjar tiroid menghasilkan\",\"kelenjar tiroid menghasilkan hormon\",\"kelenjar tiroid pdf\",\"kelenjar tiroid terletak di\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Hormon dan Regulasi\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tneutron.net\\\/blogs\\\/kelenjar-tiroid\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tneutron.net\\\/blogs\\\/kelenjar-tiroid\\\/\",\"name\":\"Kelenjar Tiroid - 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