Nature around us is composed of various types of materials (material) and are potential sources that can be utilized to meet the needs of human life. Long before the industrial revolution humans have felt the benefits of the material and realize that the use of a material capable of changing human civilization, therefore, material (material) will be very important and constantly evolving in accordance with the development of civilization, Science and Technology of the man himself. For that reason, various natural resources are explored and cultivated on a large scale.<\/p>\n

Information technology major effect on Development of Science and Technology and the global economy makes a very tight competition, while the availability of natural resources will be material (material) to be very limited, of course, this will require innovation and efficiency in optimum utilization of natural materials.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Engineering materials and how the election<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
The definition of engineering materials are materials (materials) that can digunakankan either directly or through the treatment process and serves as the raw material of a useful product.<\/p>\n
The diversity of the human need for a better quality and quantity of products is also needed diversity of materials technique itself as raw material, in spite of all the material derived from nature, but to facilitate the election then the material is classified based techniques use either as a finished or as an ingredient prduk raw materials which are used directly and selected in accordance with the nature and the natural characteristics of the material, the material which we refer to as the natural material, but there is also material processed first in order to have specific properties and characteristics or resemble the nature and characteristics certain natural ingredients so as to qualify the nature and needs of karakterristik a desired product and materials from this group that we call artificial ingredients or syntetic materials.\n<\/p><\/div>\n
Natural Ingredients<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Natural ingredients are raw materials and used prorduk obtained directly from natural material, therefore the final product that uses raw materials it will have the same properties as the original material, which is included in this group include wood, stone, rubber, leather, ceramics, Celulosa and others.<\/div>\n
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Artificial ingredients<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Artificial materials (syntetic materials) usually obtained from a chemical compound with the composition of the various elements will be obtained specifically a particular trait or traits that resemble the properties of natural materials. This material is known as plastic materials (Plastics Materrials), which is a material that was first created by a Belgian Leo Baekeland in 1907 and patented under the name Baklite. Yan molecules we refer to as “Polymer” which means, Plastics Materials formed of chains of atoms and consists of “multiple unit” chain bonding atoms.<\/p>\n
Therefore, the binding process with small molecules known as “Polymerization”. Examples of this type of material is Polythene Polymer consisting ie above 1200 Carbon atoms in each 2 Hydrogen atoms (see Figure 1) that has a voltage and ductility tinggi.dan on some type of plastic that has a great strain dakibatkan by long-chain bond.<\/p><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/span> $\"clip_image001\"$ <\/a> \u00a0 $\"clip_image002\"$ <\/a><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/span> $\"clip_image003\"$ <\/a><\/div>\n
Figure 1.1 Polymer Polythene which is composed of 1200 carbon atoms in each 2 atoms Hydrogen<\/p>\n
For Plastic materials can be divided into two groups: Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Plastics, which distinguishes the two types of these bonds are long-chain polymer which of course will affect the differences in the properties of the plastic materials include resilience to high temperatures or heating see diagram on Figure 1.2.<\/p><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/span> $\"clip_image005\"$ <\/span><\/a> \u00a0<\/span><\/span> $\"clip_image007\"$ <\/a><\/div>\n
Figure 1.2 Long-chain polymerization bonding in plastic material<\/p>\n
Figure 1.2 above shows the effect of heat on the polymer chain which can result in the opening heat of atomic bond that becomes soft plastic to a liquid depends on the level
\nheating.<\/p><\/div>\n
1. Thermoplastics<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/div>\nThermoplastics can melt through heating process and can be transformed through printing, as was done on materials like Polythene, Polystyrene, Poly vinyl chloride (PVC), Nylon, Perspex, Propylene and etc.<\/div>\n
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2. Thermosetting<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/div>\nThermosetting have differences with thermoplastics where the heating will only be able to make changes to the molecular chain formation in a chemical bond forms transverse
\nthree dimensions (see Figure 1. 3)<\/div>\n
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Figure 1.3 Forms strong bond chain atoms<\/p>\n
The attraction between the chain molecules can be formed by shifting the place of molecules in solution due to the dissociation of these materials. Place plasticizer influence on polymer properties.
\nFor example, the addition of camphor on cellulose nitrate which produce a substance known as celluloid and trade can be printed through heating. Mechanical properties of plastic materials can be improved with added reinforcement by material (filler material), fiber fiber, sawdust, waste paper, rags, etc. can increase the voltage, asbestos fibers can increase the heat resistance and resistance to electric current can be used mica.<\/p>\n
Coating materials used platic sheet (Plastic-impregnated paper) with Cotton lining for use in reinforcement panels. Or layers of wood to improve its performance.
\nFiber reinforcement plastic (Fibre-reinforced) tried to increase the voltage of a fragile state and mushy. Fiber-glass has been used since many years ago as a boat maker body, vehicle body and others. The addition of the element Carbon composite materials that make it light but has a high voltage.\n<\/p><\/div>\n
3. Synthetic Rubber<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Natural rubber is produced from liquid latex or rubber tree sap with a long chain polymer molecules are scattered, natural rubber has both the elastic properties and thermoplastic, permanent deformation can occur if stretched slowly with increase in temperature. Charles Goodyer (1839) prepared it by mixing the latex with rubber with sulfur and produce a more resilient nature and soft elastic and resistant to high temperatures and developed into a vulcanizing faberik which we know today as faberik tires (manufacture of tire).<\/p>\n
The American-developed syntetic rubber, GR-S, which is the result of mixing between Butadiene polymer with styrene, this material has the properties and characteristics similar to natural rubber at a cheaper price is also used in mills tires (manufacture of tire), footwear (foot wear), rubber tubing (hosepipe) conveyor belt and cable insulation.<\/p>\n
Neoprene rubber is another type of syntetis who have similar properties to natural rubber by nature very resistant to vegetable oils and mineral oils and is resistant to high temperatures. Neoprene is a material which is relatively expensive, its use is as an ingredient pipes, conveyor belts and cable coating.<\/p>\n
Butyl-rubber is a co-polymer of isobutylene and isoprene, this material is very stable against chemical and temperratur high, the price is slightly cheaper than natural rubber but less resistant, although this is not translucent so karret air and gas and is used as an ingredient innertube, tubeless tire, water sports equipment bag, mold diapragma also used as a hose, tank lining and belt conveyor (conveyor belts).<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nature around us is composed of various types of materials (material) and are potential sources that can be utilized to meet the needs of human life. Long before the industrial revolution humans have felt the benefits of the material and realize that the use of a material capable of changing human civilization, therefore, material (material) …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[3694,3698,3696,3701,3697,3695,3702,3703,3700,3699],"class_list":["post-3940","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bahan-teknik","tag-various-engineering","tag-various-engineering-branches-in-india","tag-various-engineering-disciplines","tag-various-engineering-entrance-exam-in-india","tag-various-engineering-exams","tag-various-engineering-fields","tag-various-engineering-management-techniques","tag-various-engineering-materials","tag-various-engineering-projects","tag-various-engineering-streams"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3940","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3940"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3940\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8974,"href":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3940\/revisions\/8974"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3940"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3940"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3940"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}