There are six (6) nutrients derived from food, namely carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. Compounds of carbohydrates, protein and fat can produce energy or power required for human activity. Excess food that has been consumed will be kept back by the body in the form glokogen, cells or tissues, or stored as body fat. Compounds protein plays a role as well as builders and repair damaged tissue.
Vitamin and mineral plays a role as a regulator of metabolic processes in the body. Shortage of a particular vitamin or mineral types will result tergangguna one’s health. While the water acts as a universal medium, which will condition the processes of digestion and absorption and metabolism in the body. All six of these nutrients contained in each food in a certain amount.
There is contained in large quantities, some are present in very small quantities or very small. Based on the nutrient content of the food or food agricultural products are grouped into: food source of calories, protein food source, food source of vitamins and minerals. Food sources of calories contained in cereals and ubi- edible, food source of protein found in nuts and animal produce, food sources of fats / oils found in some types of nuts, coconut, palm, corn, and food source of many vitamins and minerals in vegetable and fruits.
To find a food, including certain groups can be made through a particular processing or chemical analysis laboratory. Starch as one of the carbohydrates can be obtained from the extraction process certain foodstuffs eg starch cassava (tapioca). Protein compounds can be obtained from flour dough laundering derived from grain, oil can be obtained from the extraction of coconut meat, or the amount of vitamins and minerals can be obtained through chemical analysis by laboratories.
The development trend of grouping Commodity Agricultural Products and Fisheries
Trends in the development of the food sector is advancing so rapidly. Currently, there are many common foodstuffs known as functional foods, food ingredients prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotic, and genetically modified foods (Genetically Modified Food). The types of food that have certain characteristics and have a certain usefulness anyway. Regulation of foodstuffs tersebutpun regulated to ensure food safety for consumers.
The development trend of grouping of vegetables and fruits
Grouping vegetables is currently expanding with the advent of the term organic vegetables. Organic vegetables are organically farmed vegetables means that the materials used for means of growth, such as fertilizers, pest control and other uses natural ingredients. These vegetables lately is in great demand given the increasing consumer awareness of the consumption of vegetables to avoid synthetic chemicals such as synthetic pesticides and chemical fertilizers.
Besides organic vegetables, today spreads the vegetable group, known as a transgenic vegetables. For example transgenic potato, transgenic soybean and so on. This type of plant is genetically modified products which are generally known as GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms). GMO is an organism (in this case is concerned with plants and animals) that has been modified genome (gene sequence in khromosome) as a result of ditransformasikannya one or more foreign genes derived from other organisms (of the same species to different divisio). The gene that is transformed is expected to issue or express a useful product for humans.