{"id":1724,"date":"2024-12-11T02:54:41","date_gmt":"2024-12-10T19:54:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/pangan\/?p=1724"},"modified":"2024-12-06T09:03:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-06T02:03:12","slug":"gadung-dioscorea-hispida-dennst","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/pangan\/gadung-dioscorea-hispida-dennst\/","title":{"rendered":"Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst)"},"content":{"rendered":"

1). Sifat fisis-morfologis<\/b>
\nPernahkah kalian melihat umbi gadung? Saat ini umbi jenis ini agak sulit dijumpai. Di Indonesia, tumbuhan ini memiliki nama seperti bitule<\/b> (Gorontalo), gadu<\/b> (Bima), gadung<\/b> (Bali, Jawa, Madura, Sunda) iwi<\/b> (Sumba), kapak<\/b> (Sasak), salapa<\/b> (Bugis) dan sikapa<\/b> (Makassar). Umbi gadung berbentuk bulat panjang dengan sisi yang hampir sejajar atau melebar terhadap puncak, sedangkan luasnya semakin menyempit disekeliling alas. Umbi gadung yang sudah masak berwarna coklat atau kuning kecoklatan, berbulu halus dengan ukuran panjang sekitar 5 – 6 cm.
\n\"clip_image002\"<\/a>
\nGambar Umbi dan tanaman Gadung<\/p>\n

Umbi gadung dapat dikelompokkan berdasarkan warna daging umbinya, yaitu gadung putih dan gadung kuning. Contoh gadung putih adalah gadung betul, gadung kapur, gadung putih, gadung punel, dan gadung arintil. Contoh gadung kuning adalah gadung kunyit dan gadung padi. Gadung arintil merupakan jenis gadung yang memiliki jumlah umbi yang paling banyak pada tiap gerombolnya. Tebal satu gerombol umbi berkisar 7 – 15 cm dan diameter 15 – 25 cm, dengan serabut umbi yang sangat tajam. Gadung kuning umumnya lebih besar dan padat dibandingkan gadung putih. Warna kulit luarnya putih keabuan dengan daging umbi berwarna kuning. Gadung arintil kulit luarnya berwarna kecoklatan dan warna umbianya putih.
\nIrisan melintang umbi gadung hampir sama strukturnya dengan kentang.<\/p>\n

2). Sifat Kimia<\/b>
\nUmbi gadung mengandung karbohidrat, lemak, serat kasar dan abu lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan ketela pohon. Kandungan air dan protein umbi gadung lebih tinggi dibandingkan ketela pohon. Umbi gadung mengandung phosphor (P2O5) sebanyak 0.09%, kalsium (CaO) 0.07 &, besi (Fe2O3) 0.003 %. Komposisi kimia umbi gadung dapat dilihat pada Tabel 2.13.<\/p>\n

Tabel 2.13. Komposisi kimia umbi gadung
\n\"image\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Umbi gadung mengandung alkaloid dioscorin yang bersifat racun dan dioscorin yang tidak beracun. Alkaloid juga dijumpai pada dioscorea lainnya. Disamping itu umbi gadung juga mengandung sejumlah saponin yang sebagian besar berupa dioscin yang bersifat racun. Umbi yang dibiarkan tua warnanya akan berubah menjadi hijau dan kadar racunnya akan bertambah.<\/p>\n

Efek keracunan gadung mula-mula terasa tidak enak dikerongkongan, pening, kemudian muntah darah, terasa tercekik dan kepayahan. Biasanya untuk mengurangi atau menghilangkan racun yang terkandung dalam umbi gadung, dilakukan dengan mencampur abu ke dalam umbi gadung yang sudah diiris-iris, didiamkan beberapa lama, dicuci kemudian siap untuk diolah.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1). Sifat fisis-morfologis Pernahkah kalian melihat umbi gadung? Saat ini umbi jenis ini agak sulit dijumpai. Di Indonesia, tumbuhan ini<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1722,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[1918],"tags":[3563,3564,3565,3566,3567,3568,3569,3570,3571,3572,3573,3574,3575,3576,3577,3578,3579,3580,3581,3582,3583,3584,3585,3586,3587,3588,3589,3590,3591],"class_list":["post-1724","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-karakteristik-hasil-komoditas","tag-2-gedung-2-anak","tag-3-anggota-bin-gadungan","tag-3-jenderal-gadungan","tag-3-jenderal-gadungan-di-medan","tag-3-jenderal-gadungan-ditangkap","tag-3-jenderal-pbb-gadungan","tag-3-wartawan-gadungan","tag-4-jaksa-gadungan","tag-7-kisah-polisi-gadungan","tag-8-bnn-gadungan","tag-air-gadung","tag-akar-gadung","tag-alur-gadung","tag-anatomi-gadung","tag-apakah-gadung-beracun","tag-artha-gading-xxi","tag-arti-gadung","tag-artikel-gadung","tag-buah-gadung-hitam","tag-cara-mengolah-gadung-yang-benar","tag-cucak-gadung","tag-cucak-gadung-bakalan","tag-cucak-gadung-dijual","tag-cucak-gadung-gacor","tag-cucak-gadung-jantan-dan-betina","tag-cucak-gadung-mp3-download","tag-cucak-gadung-youtube","tag-desain-jaringan-2-gedung","tag-dokter-gadungan-3gp"],"yoast_head":"\nGadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) - TN Pangan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/pangan\/gadung-dioscorea-hispida-dennst\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) - TN Pangan\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"1). 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