{"id":1444,"date":"2025-05-04T05:58:07","date_gmt":"2025-05-03T22:58:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/sipil\/?p=1444"},"modified":"2025-04-30T13:15:15","modified_gmt":"2025-04-30T06:15:15","slug":"drainage-system-requirements","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/sipil\/drainage-system-requirements\/","title":{"rendered":"Drainage System Requirements"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"notranslate\">To design a drainage system, which should be known is the amount of water that must be removed from the land in a certain period of time, this is done to avoid a rise in surface water.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> Discard the excess water in the soil has two benefits: (1) prevent puddles on land (2) remove water from the root zone, so that the salts brought by irrigation can not reach concentrations that would be harmful to plants.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notranslate\"> To determine the magnitude of the rate of drainage of several factors to consider, among others, (1) The diverse natural conditions, and (2) the amount of water to be discharged.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> Therefore, the field work to be done to figure out how soil conditions, water conditions, salinity and the amount of water that must be maintained.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> To calculate the need for drainage, water balance analysis should be done on the whole area will be in the drainage as shown in Fig.<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/sipil\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2016\/06\/image-7.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"image\" src=\"http:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/sipil\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2016\/06\/image_thumb-6.png\" alt=\"image\" width=\"291\" height=\"215\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<span class=\"notranslate\"> Figure 30. The concept of the balance of water in soil<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notranslate\"> Water balance is usually counted in the average term of one year.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> Waterlogging and salinity problems should also be considered in-take into account the water balance.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> Especially for certain years, for example, a very dry year or a year with extreme rainfall, or even for a certain period, for example the growing season or rainy season.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notranslate\"><strong>Surface Groundwater<\/strong><\/span> <strong><br \/>\n<\/strong> <span class=\"notranslate\"> Ground water table is the upper limit of the groundwater.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> It is defined as the point where the water pressure in the ground is equal to atmospheric pressure.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> Beneath the surface of groundwater, all soil pores filled with water, al is known as saturated zone as shown in Figure 8:13.<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/sipil\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2016\/06\/image-8.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"image\" src=\"http:\/\/www.tneutron.net\/sipil\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2016\/06\/image_thumb-8.png\" alt=\"image\" width=\"290\" height=\"160\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<span class=\"notranslate\"> Figure 31. Surface soil water<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notranslate\"> Generally, groundwater flow toward the drain occurs in the saturated zone.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> On the surface of the water, there are zones where soil pores filled partially with water and most of the air, and the zone is the unsaturated zone.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> Water in the unsaturated zone from rain or irrigation water that has entered into the ground, and that comes from the capillary rise of groundwater.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> Unsaturated zone is essential for plant growth.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> In this zone the roots of the plants take water from the soil.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notranslate\"> High water level is always changing with time, after irrigation or rainfall occurs will increase the water surface and is followed by a gradual decline due to the flow of water into the drainage system.<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"notranslate\"> Water levels be measured to determine the highest water levels (maximum), average and minimum or lowest annually.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> Ground water levels are constantly changing due to the replenishment of groundwater by rain or irrigation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notranslate\"> For this reason, the measurement of ground water level should be performed at frequent intervals, at least for a period of one year.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> The interval between readings should not exceed one month, but two weeks is probably better.<\/span> <span class=\"notranslate\"> All measurements of ground water level in the drainage area that will be done as early as possible, and conducted over a span as short as possible so that a complete picture of the surface of the water in that time frame can be obtained.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>To design a drainage system, which should be known is the amount of water that must be removed from the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[1865],"tags":[2056,2065,2062,2064,2058,2057,2061,2060,2063,2059],"class_list":["post-1444","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-english","tag-drainage-requirements","tag-drainage-requirements-for-balconies","tag-drainage-requirements-for-car-wash","tag-drainage-requirements-for-driveways","tag-drainage-requirements-for-planning-applications","tag-drainage-requirements-for-retaining-walls","tag-drainage-requirements-for-road-design","tag-drainage-requirements-in-pavements","tag-drainage-requirements-of-crops","tag-drainage-requirements-washing-machine"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - 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