Building culverts are used to carry the flow of water both for irrigation or discharge which passes down the road.<\/span> Goronggorong has a smaller cross section than the wet area upstream and downstream channels.<\/span> Most of the cross section may be above the water level.<\/span> In this case the culvert serves as an open channel with free flow.<\/span> At the free flow culverts, objects that float can pass easily, but the cost of manufacture is generally more expensive than sewer sink.<\/span> In the case of sewer sink, the entire cross under the water surface.<\/span> Implementation costs are cheaper, but the danger is greater clogged.<\/span> Flow rate<\/strong><\/span> Sewer – sewer Segi Four<\/strong><\/span> For culverts – short chute (L <20 m) as is commonly direncana in irrigation networks, the prices of m as given in Table 7.3 can be regarded as nearly right or to the formula:<\/span>
\n
<\/a>
\n Figure 15. Culvert circular<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
<\/a>
\n Figure 16. Culvert square<\/span><\/p>\n
\n Speed \u200b\u200bused in planning chute depends on the amount of energy lost there and geometry inlet and exit.<\/span> For planning purposes, taken speed is 1.5 m \/ sec for culvert in irrigation canals, and 3 m \/ sec to sewers discharge channel.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n Rectangular culverts made of reinforced concrete or stone masonry with reinforced concrete slab as cover.<\/span> Culverts first type is mainly used for large discharge or when the emphasis is culvert watertight.<\/span> Culverts of masonry with reinforced concrete slab is very strong and easy to manufacture.<\/span> Especially for remote places, sewer – sewer is ideal presents an example of the type of culvert described above.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
<\/a>
\n Where :<\/span>
\n Q = flow (m3 \/ s)<\/span>
\n \u03bc = coefficient of discharge see Table 7 …<\/span>
\n A = area of \u200b\u200bthe pipe (m3)<\/span>
\n g = acceleration due to gravity (m \/ dt2) (\u2248 9.8)<\/span>
\n z = high loss of energy in the culvert (m)<\/span><\/p>\n