Rel (Busbar)

All synchronous generators in power plants deliver electricity to the electrical center rail. Similarly, all the channels are taking and that sends electrical power is connected to the rail.

1. Single rail plant
Single track rail arrangement which is relatively simple and least expensive, but it has disadvantages in terms of reliability, and service continuity and less flexible in its operation.
If there is damage to the rail, the entire electrical center must be extinguished if it will make improvements. Single track is best when used only in power plants that are not so important role in the system.

For improving the reliability of a single track, PMS section and split rails can be mounted into 2 groups and the right of the single track. Generating unit and part load connected on the left and some are linked in the right group. If there is damage to the rail that requires repair outages, the rail section is in need of repair can be disconnected by opening PMS sexy so sexy next to a rail that can be turned on or operated fixed.
Figure II.30 shows the electric generating station with a single track section using PMS.

 

Figure II.30 electric generating station with a single track section using the PMS

Information
Tr: transformer
PMS Section: switch separator
G: Generator
PS: the use of its own (system usage)

Dual rail power station with a single PMT is shown in Figure II.31. Exposure to rail or rail 1 2 made through PMS. Double rails are generally equipped with PMT along with its PMS that serves to connect the rail 1 and rail 2. With double track, some installations can be connected to the rail 1 and some to the rail 2. Both the rail (rail 1 and rail 2) can be connected in parallel or separate by closing or opening the PMT coupling.

In this way the operating flexibility to grow, especially when facing disturbance in the system.

 

Figure II.31 electric generating station with double rail using a single PMT

Most of generating units or loads can be connected to other rail to rail 1 and 2. When one generating unit or load will be moved one rail, his first PMT should be opened, then followed the opening of PMS tracks to be released, a new insert PMS rail destination, the order should not be reversed.

If reversed, there will be a parallel relationship between rail tracks 1 and 2 are not necessarily the same voltage and dangerous. After completing the transfer of positions PMS, PMT entered. For generating units, income PMT must go through the process of synchronization. The process of moving loads from one rail to the other rail requires a blackout, when the PMT is opened.

The transfer of load or generation units from one rail to the other rail in practice can occur, for example, because there is damage that needs repairs during outages rail.

PMT double track with two rails together as a double with a single PMT, but all the elements can be connected to the rail tracks 1 or 2 or both through better flexibility PMT so high. Power plants with double rail using two PMT (PMT Ganda) is shown in Figure II.32.
The transfer of loads from one rail to rail 2 can be done without blackouts, due to the presence of PMT 2 pieces (each one PMT for each rail) transfer of the load carried by closing rail destination, then open the removable rail PMT. Rel 1 and 2 voltage rails together, both magnitude and phasanya, after the PMT should be entered.

 

Rail with 1 ½ PMT is double track with 3 PMT in between the two rails. If the rail-to-rail tracks are identified as A and B tracks, the PMT is close to the rail A PMT are identified as A1, A2 PMT, and so on. PMT is near rail PMT B are identified as B1, B2 PMT, and so on. PMT is in the middle called PMT diameter and are identified as PMT AB1, AB2 PMT, and so on. The parts of the installation are connected at points located between the PMT PMT A and B at points located between the PMT PMT B with AB as shown in Figure II.33.

Compared with previous rails, rails with 1 ½ PMT has the highest reliability. If a rail crash, with the opening of all PMT numbered A along its PMS, fixed power can be channeled in full. If rail B impaired, by opening all numbered PMT B along with its PMS, fixed power can be channeled in full. If the rail tracks A and B have been affected, with the opening of all PMT PMT numbered numbered A and B along with its PMS, power can still be channeled though with reduced loading flexibility.

 

The release of a voltage installations connected to the rails with 1 ½ PMT requires the opening of two PMS PMT along with her, namely rail and PMT PMT diameter. No. For example, for generating units. 1 is connected to the rail through the PMT B B1, then for the release voltage, which should be opened is PMT PMT B1 and AB 1 along with its PMS. At the center of the electric power plant with a capacity of small (up to ± 50 MW power) using a voltage below 70 kV rail, used rails in a closed building or in a closet called a cubicle.

In large electrical centers (above 50 MW), rails are generally installed in the open space. If electricity is made in the center of town to save the use of land can be used SF6 gas tube rail and conductor rail spacing can be reduced to save the use of land. All generators and channels in the electrical center is connected to the rail, the rail will cause interference in wide. Construction of the rail must be carefully and properly in order to minimize the disruption.