In the industry, the manufacturing process has a number of objectives to obtain results that will satisfy the demands of accuracy and cost effectiveness. Humans have the ability to perform tasks in a broad scope, including decision-making. Some tasks such as taking things and running from one place to another, often dikerjakandengan the usual way.
In certain circumstances, some of tugasini done in the best way possible. For example, a 100-yard runner has a goal to run the distance in sesingkatnya. A marathon runner, not only have to run in, the distance as quickly as possible, but to achieve this he must regulate energy use and think of the best way to race. The way to achieve this goal usually involves the use of control systems that implement specific control strategies.
Automatic control (automatic) have yangsangat important role in the development of science and technology. In addition to the indispensable on the spacecraft, missiles, aircraft steering system, automatic control and so forth have become an important part danterpadu of processes in factories and modern industry. For example, automatic control is essential to the numerical control of machine tools in the industry also needs help once in industrial operations such as controlling the pressure, temperature, humidity, viscosity, and process industries arusdalam.
Due to advances in the theory and practice of control automatically provides convenience in obtaining performance of the dynamic system, enhance quality and reduce production costs, enhance production rate, negating the routine jobs and tedious to be done by humans, and so on, then most of the engineers and scientists now should have a good understanding in this field.
History of the control system can be described as follows. The work of first importance in automatic control is to control the speed of the centrifugal governor of the steam engine made by James Watt in the 18th century the work of another important at early stages of development of control theory created by Minorsky, Hazen, Nyquist, and so on. In 1922, Minorsky make automatic controllers for steering ships and showed how to determine the stability of differential equations describing the system.
In 1932 Nyquist developed a relatively simple procedure to determine the stability of the closed-loop system at the base of the open loop response to steady input (steady state) sinusoid. In 1934 Hazen, who introduced the term servomekanisme for position control systems, discusses the design of servo relay mechanism which is able to follow with good input changes.
During the decades of the 1940s, the frequency response method allows fig engineers to design a linear control system baited forth that meet the performance requirements.
From late 1940 to early 1950, the method of root locus in the design of the control system actually has grown. Methods frequency response and root locus, which is the core of physical control theory, will lead us to a system that is stable and meets a set of performance requirements are almost balanced. Such a system is generally not optimal in any meaningful sense.
Since the end of 1950, the emphasis problems in the design of control system design has shifted from one of several systems that work into the design of an optimal system in a meaningful sense.