Because modern plant with multi-input and multi-output becomes increasingly complex, the description of modern control systems require a lot of similarities. Classical control theory, which only discuss the input of the output system, simply can not be used for multi-input multi-output system. Since around 1960, modern control theory has been developed to address the increasing complexity of modern plant and tough requirements on accuracy, weight, and cost to the needs of military, aerospace, and industrial.
With the electronic computer analog, digital, and hybrid can be used in perhitunganperhitungan complex, the use of computers in the design and use of computer control systems that are mounted directly on the control system is now a practical and common. Analog computer is a term used to describe a computing tool that works on the level of analog, with direct current.
Level analogue here is the opposite of digital level, which is where the digital level is high voltage level (high) and low (low), which is used in the implementation of binary numbers (only possessed two types of value, ie 0 or 1). Basically, the electronic components that are used as the core of an analog computer is opamp. Obviously the digital computer that works is to use a digital level. Computers frequently encountered today, including the type of digital computers, calculators one of them.
While the hybrid computer itself is a combination of analog computer (direct current) and digital. Thus the combination of analog computers that provide the ability in terms of speed, flexibility and ease to communicate directly with digital computer capabilities in terms of precision, logic and memory, so it is great manfaatnyadidunia science. Simulation of dynamic and differential equation solving capabilities at high speed can be implemented by analog section, while processed static and algebra can be handled in the digital part.
Thus the efficiency and economic terms, as a whole of a system can be maximized. In recent years, the control system plays an important role in the development and progress of civilization and modern technology. In practice, every aspect of daily activity is influenced by several models of control systems. The control system is very commonly found in every sector of industry, such as quality control of the products, the installation of automatic lane, machine control, space technology and weapons systems, computer control.
Transportation systems, power systems, robotics, and other-lan. Even control of the system inventories, social and economic can be approached with automatic control theory. Recent developments in the modern control theory is in the field of optimal control of both deterministic systems (particular) and stochastic (random), as well as learning and adaptive control of complex systems. Today’s digital computers have become cheaper and more compact, it is used as an integral part of the control system.
The application of modern control theory today also includes a system that is not engineering, such as systems biology, biomedical, economic and socio-economics. Controlled variable is the magnitude or circumstances that are measured and controlled. The manipulated variable is the magnitude or circumstances are changed by the controller to affect the value of controlled variable. In normal circumstances, the controlled variable is the output of the system. Control means measuring the value of a variable system of controlled and manipulated variables to implement a system for correcting or limiting deviation measured value of the desired value.