Pressure or Low hipobar storage conditions Storage (LPS) showed good results for some products at an absolute pressure as it has been studied and reported olehDilley (1977). Hipobar good storage conditions for apple 10 kPa, sweet cherner 7 kPa, green tomatoes sudahmatang 10 kPa, asparagus 3-5 kPa and edible mushroom 2 kPa (1 atm = 101 kPa). Spalding (1977) reported that LPS at 20 Kpa is superior to CAuntuk limes and mangoes but inferior to CA advocate.
LPS nice in creating atmosphereoksigen almost free dariethylene. Therefore it is very suitable for storing apples, leafy vegetables, and ornamental plants. Some products are susceptible to decay, it takes some effort to prevent it. Usually in a transportation system that uses hibobaric combined with MA Storage. Besides, the storage process can be applied to the banana hypoboric, ie storage at a low pressure of 150 to 80 mm Hg at a temperature of 140C can be obtained retention time of 120 days, in the absence of real quality storage.
During transport, can be stacked with one of three ways: by wrapping a plastic bag or airtight use vehicles or vehicles equipped with equipment that can regulate the gas in the vehicle.
Controlled atmosphere treatments atauTermodifikasi
Kitinoja (2003) states that in some types of commodities that tolerate high CO2 levels, 15 to 20% CO2-enriched air can be used as fungistatik for controlling decay caused by pathogens such as Botrytis cinerea on strawberry, blueberry, blackberry. Insecticidal atmospheric conditions (0.5% or lower O2 and / or 40% or lebihtinggi CO2) may be as effective as a substitute for methyl bromide fumigation for fruit, grains and vegetables dry.
The effectiveness of insecticidal atmospheres depends on temperature, relative humidity, duration of exposure and life stage of the insect. O2 concentration is low and / or high CO2 have been used to kill certain insects in commodities that can tolerate these conditions. Atmosferinsektisidal effectiveness depends on temperature, relative humidity, duration of exposure and life stage of the insect as revealed by Mitcham et al (1997): as follows:
1) The first and third instars of greenheaded leafroller (Planotortrix excessana) and first instar and fifth of the brown headed leafroller (Ctenopseustis obliquana) and the light brown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana) killed completely within 2 months when apples are stored at 0.5 0C in 3 % O2 and 3% CO2.
2) The eggs of the apple rust mite (Aculus schlechtendali) and the European red mite (Panonychus ulmi) are killed in 5.3 months when apples are stored at 2.80C dalamatmosfer 1% O2 and 1% CO2.
3) Codling moth larvae (Cydia pomonella) are killed in 3 months when apeldisimpan at 00C, 1.5-2% O2 and less than 1% CO2.
4) Fatherly kiwifruit, two-spotted spider mite adults (Tetranychus urticae) were killed with the 400C, 0.4% O2 and 20% CO2 in just 7 hours.
5) When the persimmon stored at 200C, 0.5% O2 and 5% CO2, the third instar of leafrollers (Planotortrix excessana) killed in 4 days and the larvae and adult mealy bug (Pseudococcus longispinus) are killed within 7 days. (Source: Mitcham, EJ, S. Zhou and AA Kader, 1997 in Kitinoja (2003)
6) Insect weevil (Cylas formicarius elegantulus) on sweet potatoes can be controlled at room temperature for sweet potatoes stored tropical konsentrasioksigen treated with low and high carbon dioxide. At a temperature of 25 ° C (76 ° F), the storage with 2 to 4% oxygen and 40 to 60% carbon dioxide results in mortality of adult Weevils within 2 to 7 days. (Source: Delate, K. et al. 1990 in Kitinoja, 2003)
7) Codling moth (Cydia pomonella) in fruits and stone fruits can be controlled padasuhu 250C (76 ° F) using the atmosphere with 0.5% oxygen and 10% carbon dioxide for 2 to 3 days (adult insects or eggs) or 6 to 12 days (pupa ). Discoloration and abnormal violence during ripening are not affected by the treatment. (Source: Soderstrom, EL et al. 1990 in Kitinoja, 2003)
8) Treatment with 45% CO2 at 0 “C (32” F) is being developed for several surface pests, including omnivorous leafroller (Platynota sultana), western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), and Pacific spider mite (Tetranychus pacificus) on harvested fruit table wine. This treatment requires 13 days at 0 “to 2” C (32 “to 36” F) and can be done in a marine container during transport. However, neither this treatment nor treatment more controlled atmosphere not legalized as quarantine treatments. (Source: Mitcham, EJ, FG Mitchell, ML Arpaia, and AA Kader, 2002 in Kitinoja, 2003).