Toward the end of the 17th century Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727), a British scientist, managed to reveal the riddle of nature that attract the attention. Regarding the invention, there is an interesting joke telling, the answer was obtained when an apple fell on his head while he was contemplating this issue under an apple tree in the yard (whether this apple on his head, doubtful).
Told, this incident inspired him to find a law that became known as the “Law of Gravity (Gravity) Newton (1687)”. This law states, the two objects are separated by a certain distance tends attraction with style (or force) proportional to the mass of nature (or the size of the density or weight) of each object and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Back to our question above, there are two things that affect each other, the earth and small stones which was originally located in the hand. Earth style or pull force on the stone as stated by the law on so-called gravity or gravity, or more commonly known as stone weight. On the contrary can be true. Earth is pulled by a small stone in the style or the same power is great. Here the distance between a rock and the Earth is calculated from the stone to the center of the Earth is about 3,670 km below the Earth’s surface.
It seems that with the help of Newton’s Law of Gravity, we started a little bit to understand the origin of the causes of the fall of small stones to the surface of the Earth. But it’s still a lump when we want to apply this law directly. Why it rocks interested crashed onto the surface of the Earth and not vice versa Earth attracted upwards towards the small stones that you let go of? This question is answered by the following Newton’s Laws in the branch of physics that specializes in motion and cause problems, a branch of mechanics.
In everyday language style is often interpreted as a push or a pull, especially those committed by human muscles. For that needs to be defined in a more detailed and precise. Here the style definitions stated in the acceleration experienced by an object when placed in an environment standards given appropriate. The standard object attached to the end of the spring and placed on a horizontal table that friction can be ignored.
Both serve as an environment for these objects. The other end of the spring is held by hand. Now that spring is pulled horizontally to the right; to try endeavored that objects undergo a constant acceleration of 1.0 m / detik2. In these circumstances be regarded as a definition, that the spring (ie major environmental objects) perform a constant force on the body size of 1.00 newton, or in SI notation: 1.00 N.
Figure 1.1 The style and Massa (a) A particle P (standard kilogram) rest on a horizontal surface without friction. (B) The object is accelerated by pulling the spring to the right.
In Figure 1.1a seen that in doing this style spring stretched along the length Δl exceeds normal when slack, as shown in Figure 1.1b. In Newton’s Second Law or Law of Motion states the relationship between force and motion that puts both as a causal relationship. Here the style is associated with pushing or pulling force that acts as causing “changes in motion” an object. Or in more detail again, style is a cause of great change of pace (speed) and direction of movement (direction of velocity) objects.
Newton’s second law states, the magnitude of change in measurements of motion of a body which is called the acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of the object and directly proportional to the style of cause. The magnitude of the masses above, a vague sense, can be compared with the weight of the object (remember Newton’s Law of Gravity) and physics is a measure of the reluctance of the object to change its original state of motion.
So this law of physics states, object whose mass is larger (or heavier) reluctant to change the state of the original motion, while a much smaller mass (thus lighter) shows behavior that is more flexible. Thus, the object whose mass is enormous, if initially at rest tends to stay at rest. In our problem above the earth’s mass is much greater than the mass of small stone.
Thus is revealed now clear what causes attraction of small stone (through Newton’s Law of Gravity) and why it should fall to the Earth’s surface (through Newton’s laws of motion). In the section on the new terms of acceleration given to a special object that is the standard kilogram. Thus it can be defined as a force quantitatively. What is the effect of these forces on other things?
Because the first object selected any standard, then it is understandable that the acceleration of an object will be directly proportional to the applied force. But the same style will cause different acceleration on different bodies. For example, a baseball will have greater acceleration than a car if given the same style. To obtain quantitative answers to the above questions we need a way to measure the mass, the nature of the objects that define reluctance to change the motion.