Pneumatic comes from the Greek “pneuma” which means blowing or blowing. So pneumatic means filled with either air or compressed air driven. Pneumatic definition is a branch of physics that studies the phenomenon of compressed air so that the pressure will produce a force as the cause of motion or actuation on the actuator. Pneumatics in industrial automation is moving equipment using compressed air media, the movement caused by the pressure difference between the input side and the output side.
The resulting movement can be a linear movement (cylinders) or rotary movement (motor). Pneumatic cylinders and motors can move requires control equipment (pneumatic valves). So pneumatic herein include all components of the machine or equipment, in which occurs pneumatic processes. The composition of the pneumatic system is as follows:
a. The power supply (energy supply)
b. Elements inputs (sensors)
c. Processing elements (processors)
d. Working elements (actuators)
Working elements of the pneumatic system can be operated using processing elements and input elements using pneumatic or electric media. Pneumatic system itself has some advantages and disadvantages that are influenced mainly by the nature of compressed air as a driving force. The properties of air that affects the control of the pneumatic system include:
a. Air does not have a special form. The shape is always in accordance with the place / container.
b. Incompressible / compressible
c. Fills all space with equally
d. Can be controlled both flow rate and pressure and the force exerted.
Pneumatic components operate at a pressure of 8 to 10 bar, but in practice it is recommended to operate at a pressure of 5 to 6 bar for economic use. Some fields of application in industry using pneumatic media in terms penanganmaterial are as follows:
a. Workpiece clamping
b. Shifting the workpiece
c. Setting the position of the workpiece
d. Setting the direction of the workpiece
Application of pneumatic in general:
a. Packaging (packaging)
b. Ingestion (feeding)
c. Measurements (metering)
d. Setting the open and close (door or chute control)
e. The transfer material (transfer of materials)
f. Screening and reversal of the workpiece (turning and inverting of parts)
g. Material sorting (sorting of parts)
h. Preparation of the workpiece (stacking of components)
i. Printing workpiece (stamping and embosing of components)