Rotating equipment (rotating equipment), equipment used to provide round the circuit drilling. Round produced has enormous power to be able to play a long series of drilling. Some functions of rotating equipment (rotating equipment), among others:
– Rotate the drill rod during drilling operations.
– Holding and hanging drill rod or other pipes with slip-slip or disconnect the tube from the circuit piping rotary drill (rotary slip) while adding or removing the drill pipe from the pipe circuit.
Rotating equipment consists of: Rotary table, Master Bushing, Kelly bushing, Rotary slips, Insert bowl / bowl slip, Make up and break out the barrel, Kelly spinner.
a. Tables Turn, mounted above the drill floor where there is a master bushing. In the box there is a master bushing is entered by the pin of the kelly bushing. So that when the rotary table rotates, spinning master bushing and kelly bushing will rotate. Overview rotary table, can be seen in Figure 4.12.
Figure 4.12. Rotary Table
The tool is mounted on the drill floor and perpendicular to the traveling block. The middle of the rotary table there is a hole, and master bushing mounted in it. Rotary table must be cleaned of mud scattered, so that operators do not slip on the drill floor when working on the drill floor. The cleaning is done with water spray. Size and rotary table load capacity ranges from 100 to 600 tons.
Drilling rotation speed ranging from 35 to 200 rounds per minute clockwise. Speed is regulated by Driller, depending on the type of drill bit used and layers penetrated. Power distribution system to the turntable in two ways:
– Through the chain drive to “Drawwork”, table-driven player with a chain transmission system, which is driven by the gear teeth (sprockets) in drawwork. Can be seen in Figure 4.13.
Figure 4.13. Rotary table with driving Drawwork
– Direct relationship with prime movers (prime mover of independent drives).
b. Top Bearing is a tool that can dilepasdan replaced with properly sized holes on the table and the players operating requirements. This instrument became the seat of one of the two scientific equipment that players rotary kelly bushing or slip. Kelly kelly inserted through bearings, main bearings and turntable. Then the power swivel (rotating movement) forwarded from the player to the table kelly and drill rod underneath.
If a player slips inserted into the main bearing, will be used to hang the drill rod at the time of addition or subtraction sections of drill rod. Can withstand because they have sharp teeth and a tapered shape (dies). Rotary slips inserted into the main bearings around the drill rod so that the drill rod hangs freely in the wellbore. There are two basic types of master bushing (main bearing), namely: the type of intact (solid) and type two parts or type split (split).
Figure 4.15. Master Bushing type of solid
c. Kelly bushing is a tool that is installed into the master bushing to channel the style of play on kelly and drill stem wellbore while drilling (holes). The hole on the kelly bushing is shaped the same as the form used kelly square, triangles or hexagons. There are two basic types of bearings kelly:
– Pin Drive: Has four pins inserted into the upper part of the master bushing.
– Square Drive: Having a single drive quadrangular inserted into the master bushing.
Figure 4.17. Pin Drive (left) and Square Drive (right)
d. Rotary slip is a tool for hanging a series of drilling on the rotary table when Kelly released, to add a new drillpipe. Rotary slip also be used to hang a series of drilling on the rotary table in the circuit when removing the drilling of holes. Rotary slip hold joint drill pipe tool while hanging on the rotary table. Dies of rotary slip biting drill pipe tool joint. Before use of rotary dies hose should be cleaned from sand, and checked his condition.
Figure 4.18. Rotary Slip
e. Slip Bowl is bearing filler metal that sits in the master bushing to set or adjust the size of the pipe and slip used that vary according to the needs.
Figure 4.19. slip Bowl
f. Safety clamp used while holding the drill collar, where the drill collar that did not have a tool joint. To hold / hang up drill collars, rotary slip should be provided with safety clamp mounted on it.
Figure 4.20. safety Clamp
g. Rotary barrel is large keys that hung above the rig floor near the turntable, which is mounted on portions of the drill rod, both to connect and disconnect. The key is to break out cans or kegs lead and make up or back up tong tong.
Figure 4.21. Rotay Tong
h. Kelly spinner mounted on the bottom of the swivel stem. This tool is used to connect kelly with drill pipe rapidly in the rat hole (hole a place to store and install or dismantle a series of pipes).
Figure 4.22. Kelly Spinner
Top drive drilling system is a system with a rotating drill stem drilling using a player that is mounted directly below the swivel and the player moves up and down following the movements of traveling block. With this system, and kelly kelly bushing is not needed because the drill stem is rotated directly by the motor drilling assembly suspended from the traveling block. Construction of top drive consists of:
a. standard rotary swivel
b. Drilling motors assembly
c. Guide dolly system assembly
d. Pipe handler assembly
Figure 4.23. Top Drive