1. Controlled Atmosphere (CA) storage
Storage CA storage techniques, is a very important discovery in the system of post-harvest horticulture crops of fruit and vegetables. This technique when combined with cooling techniques will be able to prevent the respiratory activity and may be able to inhibit prsoes pengempu, penguningan and quality deterioration. Temperatures in CA Storage can be set and maintained by various ways and means.
One simple way is to put the commodity in an airtight chamber. Due to a decreased breathing and concentration of O2, CO2 levels can also be set according to the desired dose through the use of CO2 absorbent compounds typically used NaOH. CA Storage, especially when rising CO2 concentration is very high. Another way is the air-gas concentrations of gas had been arranged especially CO2, N2 and O2 is blown into the storage room.
Tetral (total environment control), has developed a control system atmosphere. CO2 produced from burning natural gas. CA Storage can be managed on the storage of asparagus (because it can prevent hardening and decay), tomatoes (able to inhibit the rate of maturation), lettuse or lettuce, in particular able to prevent the smudges of chocolate called “russet spotting”. Maturation of bananas can diperhambat until a few weeks when the composition of the air in the storage space was changed so that the low oxygen levels and high carbon dioxide levels.
In normal air oxygen content of 20% and CO2 0.003%. In the storage space that consists of 5% CO2 and 3% O2 for 182 days at a temperature of 200C, bananas can still experience the normal maturation process. 12 CA storage conditions for several types of commodities are not the same. Levels and Moris (19/17) has suggested a guideline that shows the tolerance limits horticulture to high CO2 and O2 levels low, particularly given limited storage temperature.
2. Modified Atmosphere (MA) Storage
Various types of plastic bags that have a like degree of permeability to water vapor and gas, can be used for storage MA. This technique has been developing since 1940 and is now a plastic bag with some kind of thickness, density and permeability can be chosen to maintain the arrangement of the composition of the atmosphere surrounding the packaged product. HDPE polyethylene plastic types with a high degree of density has been used to store fruits and vegetables.
Even in a plastic bag that had been fitted with an absorbent compound (absorbent) to ethylene gas, for example with a silicone membrane or potassium permanganate. Hardenburg (1963) reported the packing tangerines (Valencia orange) with polyethylene plastic bags with thickness of 0.0015 inch (1.5 miles) at a temperature of 320F.
Table 7. Changes in the Composition and Carbon Dioxide During Oxigen Gas Storage Tangerines Oranges (Valencia Orange) *)
Wills et al (1979) in Santosomenyampaikan respiration rate of some types of horticulture at room temperature can be reduced only by 13 modified atmosphere. Therefore it is recommended to be done before the commodities are transported for distribution. The process of respiration and signs of cuts could be hindered if the fruit and vegetables to be stored in an atmosphere containing high CO2 and O2 lower than normal air.
Controlled Atmosphere Storage (CAS) is the storage of fresh fruits or vegetables in the atmosphere or the air with a high CO2 and O2 composition low and kept constant. Modified Atmosphere Storage (MAS) is the storage of fresh fruits or vegetables in the atmosphere or the air with the composition of the high CO2 and low O2 set at the beginning of storage, or not regulated at all or used packaging or a particular film that can manage the composition of air in it.