Ancient people to create a map using the unit of measure “one day trip” starting orderly sun until sunset. For small areas they use footsteps. Obviously the size is less rigorous in view of the terrain in its path is not the same. Similarly for footsteps, each one a different stride length. At the end of the eighteenth century, by the Royal Academy of Art, Culture and Science in Paris, it has been found that the unit of length as one ten-millionth meter long earth meridian.
A century later they invented meter platinum standard of the material stored in the Bureau Internationale des Poides et Measures Bretuil in Paris. Because the standard meter is made of metal, it will of course be affected by changes in air temperature. So in 1927 at a conference of international size and weight, is determined using a meter wavelength red lines in the spectrum of cadmium in dry air, the temperature is 15 ° C and air pressure higher Right as 760 mm of mercury.
Length 1957 by consoltatif comite pour la Definition proposed du meter meter length is determined by the wave pink line in the spectrum of the isotope krypton 86. In October 1960 in Paris, the proposal has been accepted by the “La Xie Conference Generale des Poid et Measures” , Thus now the unit of length has been determined very accurately. that is :
Unit Distance:
1 km (kilometer) = 1000 m
1 hm (hektometer) = 100 m
1 dam (dekameter) = 10 m
1 dm (decimetre) = 0.1 m
1 cm (centimeter) = 0.01 m
1 mm (millimeter) = 0,001 m
1 “(mu) = 0.0001 mm = 0.000001 m
1 Yard (UK) = 3 feet = 0.914 m
Unit area :
Widely used size for surveys and Pemetaanadalah:
1 ha (hectare) = 10,000 m2 = 1 hm2 (squared)
1 a (are) = 100 m2 = 1 dam2
1 ca (centiare) = 1 m2
1 km2 (square) = 1,000,000 m2
1 hm2 = 10.000 m2
1 dam2 = 100 m2
1 dm 2 = 0.001 m2
1 cm2 = 0.00001 m2
1 tumbak smell = 500 = 7096 m2
1 tumbak / tiles / bricks = 14 m2
To avoid a power of two as the square and make it easier to write, then sign squares can use the q so as to:
1 km2 can be written q km
1 hm2 can be written q hm, and so on
Angular Unit
Magnitude of angle, is basically a circle divided into four sections, called quadrants. Furthermore, we know how to determine the amount of corner 3, namely:
a. How to sexagesimal
Is to divide the circle into 360 sections called degrees, wrote 360 0. Thus one quadrant = 360 o: 4 = 90 o. One degree divided into 60 parts, called minutes, write 60 ‘. One minute further divided into 60 parts called seconds / second, to write 60 “.
b. How to sentisimal
Is to divide the circle into 400 parts called grade, wrote 400g. One grade is divided into 100 parts, called centrigrade, wrote 100C. One centrigrade subdivided into 100 sections called centi-centrigrade, write 100cc.
c. How to Radian (Radial)
Corner in the center of the circle that has the same arc with a radius of one radian. We know that the circumference of a circle 2 π r
Table 1. Sexagesimal made Radial
