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Biological parameters was rarely used as a parameter determining the pollution. In fact, measurements using physical and chemical parameters only provide momentary environmental quality and tend to give results with interpretation in a wide range. Today some developed countries such as France, Britain and Belgium glanced biological indicators for monitoring water pollution. Even already developed biotic water quality laws. In ...

BOD, or Biochemical Oxygen Demand is a characteristic that indicates the amount of dissolved oxygen required by microorganisms (usually bacteria) to break down or decompose organic matter under aerobic conditions (Umaly and Cuvin, 1988). Reaffirmed by Boyd (1990), that the organic material decomposes in BOD is ready decomposed organic material (readily decomposable organic matter). Mays (1996) defines BOD as a ...

High or low pH value of water depends on several factors, namely: a) The concentration of gases such as CO2 in water b) The concentration of salts of carbonate and bicarbonate c) The process of decomposition of organic matter in bottom waters. Naturally, the pH of the waters affected by the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) and acidic compounds. Public ...

The viscosity of water is the physical properties of water that should not be overlooked. This is a result of friction caused by the arrest of a liquid substance on moving objects. The amount of friction is proportional to the prisoners: a) The surface area of ​​objects associated with water. b) The speed of motion of a body. c) The ...

Water pH affects the fertility waters because it affects the lives of microorganisms. Acidic waters will be less productive, can even kill domestic animals. At low pH dissolved oxygen content is reduced, as a result of decreased oxygen consumption, decreased respiratory activity, respiratory activity rose and appetite will decrease, the opposite occurs in alkaline conditions. On this basis, the aquaculture ...

Perifiton term is defined as a set of organisms (micro-sized) attached or settle on a substrate. While on the German-language literature, the term is used to replace the term Aufwuchs perifiton because it has a broader meaning. Aufwuchs is a group of organisms that attach or menentap on a substrate, including a group of animal or vegetable organism that moves ...