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Soil structure is one of morphology (appearance) of land that can be observed directly. Soil morphology is a description of the soil body showing the appearance-appearance, characteristics and common properties in a soil profile. The characteristics of soil morphology is indicative of a process – a process that never experienced a kind of land during weathering, the formation and development. ...

Phosphate present in natural water or wastewater as compound orthophosphate, polyphosphate and organic phosphate. Each phosphate compound is present in dissolved form, suspended or bound in the cells of organisms in the water. orthophosphate is an inorganic phosphate, is one form of phosphorus (P) dissolved in water. Orthophospate is benttuk phosphor that can be directly utilized by plant organisms (phytoplankton ...

Freezing means changing the liquid content found in most of the fish’s body to ice. Fish will begin to freeze at temperatures between -0.6 ° C to -2 ° C, or average at -1 ° C which initially freezes is free water, followed by bound water, . Freezing starts from the outside, the center of the last freeze. Freezing requires ...

The movement of water or water flow required for the availability of food for microorganisms and oxygen. In addition to avoiding the reef of the deposition process. The presence of water slurry caused by the movement of water will produce oxygen in these waters. In general, when a body of water has a fairly swift current, then the level of ...

Total organic material or Total Organic Matter (TOM) illustrates the total organic matter content of a body of water comprising dissolved organic matter, suspended (particulate) and colloids. TOM analysis principle nearly equal to the principle of COD analysis is based on the fact that almost all of the organic material can be oxidized by using compounds of potassium permanganate or ...

The working principle of this tool is to use the DO meter or probe oxygen electrode consists of a cathode and an anode immersed in an electrolyte solution. DO meter on the instrument, typically using a cathode of silver (Ag) and an anode lead (Pb). Overall, this electrode is coated with a plastic membrane that is semi-permeable to oxygen. The ...