There are two main types of paper used, namely rough paper and soft paper. Paper used as packaging is a type of coarse paper, while fine paper is used for writing paper that is for books and paper covers. The most powerful packaging paper is kraft paper with natural color, made from softwood with sulphate process. Here are some types of paper commonly used in the industry as packaging materials, namely:
A) Glacine paper and oil proof paper ( grease proof )
The glazed paper and oil-resistant paper are made by extending the pulp stirring time before being fed into the paper making machine. Addition of other ingredients such as plasticizer aims to increase the softness and flexibility of paper, so it can be used to pack the sticky materials. The addition of antioxidants aims to slow down rancidity and inhibit the growth of mold or yeast. Both types of paper have a glassy and transparent surface, have high resistance to fat, oil and oil, are not water resistant even though the surface is coated with waterproof materials such as lacquers and wax. Glacin paper is used as a laminate base material.
B) Parchment Paper
Parchment paper is used to pack food such as butter, margarine, high-fat biscuits, cheese, fish (wet, dry or fried), meat (fresh, dried, smoked or cooked), other livestock, tea and coffee. The properties of parchment paper are:
- · Have good fat resistance
- · Has good wet strength even in boiling water
- · Its surface is fiber-free
- · No smell and no taste
- · Transparent and translusid, so often called glacine paper
- · Has no good drag on the gas, unless it is coated with a particular material
C) Candle Paper
Wax paper is paper coated with wax which is essentially paraffin wax with liquid point 46-74 o C and mixed polyethylene (liquid point 100-124 o C) or petrolatum (liquid point 40-52 o C). This paper can inhibit water, resistant to oil / oil and heat adhesion well. Wax paper is used to pack food, soap, tobacco and others.
D) Daluang (Container board)
Daluang paper is widely used in making grooved cartoons. There are two types of paper daluang, namely:
- · Line board is also called kraft paper that comes from wood Cypress (softwood)
- · Corrugated medium derived from hardwood with Sulphate process.
E) Chipboard
Chipboard made from scrap paper and scraps of paper. If the paper is made of lightweight paper, it is called a bogus that is the type of paper used as a protector or bearing on glassware. The chipboard paper can also be used as a wrapper with a low range of power. If they are to be folded cartons, they should be given certain additional ingredients.
F) Tyvek
Tyvek paper is a paper tied to HDPE ( high density polyethylene ). First made by Du Pont With the trade name Tyvek. The tyvek paper has a smooth, whitish surface that is fine and strong, and is often used for photo paper. This paper is:
- · No grain that does not shrink or expand when it occurs Moisture changes
- · Resistant against dirt, chemicals
- · Free from mold contamination
- · Has the ability to block bacteria into the packaging.
G) Paper Soluble
The soluble paper is water soluble paper. This paper was first introduced by Gilbreth Company, Philadelphia under the trade name Dissolvo . Used for Writing and by the FDA ( Food and Drug Administration ) should not be used for food. The properties of soluble paper are strong, not affected by moisture but quickly dissolve in water.
H) Plastic Paper
Plastic paper is created because of the limited source of cellulose. This paper is also called synthetic paper made from sheets of styrene, having the following properties:
- · Power tear and good folding resistance
- · Rigid power is smaller than cellulose paper, causing problems in label printing.
- · Does not change if there is a change of humidity (RH)
- · Resistant to fat, water and can not be covered by mold
- · Can be printed with a not too high printing temperature, because polystyrene will be soft at 80 o C.
I) Envelopes and bags
Envelopes are often used as paper wrappers, while paper bags are the oldest packaging but still remain popular today. Paper bags can be made simply by the home industry, but can also use machines in factories. The raw materials may come from waste paper, but the use of waste paper to pack food can cause problems, such as hygiene issues or migration of chemical compounds from packaging to foodstuffs such as inks, pigments, preservatives, fillers, other.