Cassava
Manioc or cassava is an important source of carbohydrate after rice, maize, and sago. Cassava is the botanical name Manihot esculenta Crantz but better known by the name Manihot utilissima. Cassava can be used directly as a staple food or processed into semi-finished products in the form of starch cassava (tapioca), dried cassava and cassava flour. Damage that occurs in cassava is the changing color of the tuber flesh that there is a bluish color, the process is usually called kepoyoan.
Kepoyoan on cassava can be caused by the physiological process that is the enzymatic browning reactions that lead to a sense of cassava become bitter and hard texture. Other damage can be flaky skin, bruises and cuts, microbiologically characterized by the growth of mold is accompanied by the emergence of odor and discoloration. Biologically characterized by the presence of bite marks / holes.
No specific quality requirements for commodity cassava, but there is little difference between the characteristics of cassava for direct consumption and characteristics of cassava for industrial purposes. Characteristics of cassava for direct consumption and for industry as shown in Table 3.
Table 3. Characteristics of cassava for direct consumption and Industry
strong> Sweet Potatoes
Sweet Potato (Ipomea batatas) is also called sweet potato is one of tubers that have long been known and is also consumed by the people of Indonesia. Sweet potato is a food source of carbohydrates and calories (energy) is quite high. Aside from being a source of carbohydrates, sweet potatoes also contain other nutrients with a fairly complete nutritional composition as shown in Table 4.
Table 4. Nutritional content per 100 grams Sweet Potatoes
Based on the table, the nutrient content of the sweet potato complete enough so that it meets the nutritional standards when used as a staple food in addition to rice and corn. Prospects sweet potatoes other than as a source of food for domestic consumers is currently cultivated by some processor processed in the form of chips fried, fried sweet potato chips are exported abroad. In the processing industry, the results of sweet potato sweet potato is processed into flour that can be used as a substitute for wheat flour for baking, alcohol, sauces and so forth. Sweet potato starch is one ingredient in the manufacture of textiles and paper.